语法揭秘 | 高中英语从句结构的省略

复合句中的省略

a) 复合句中从句的句尾和主句相重复时从句的句尾部分可省掉

Mary is going to sweep the floor because Alice won't (sweep the floor).

b) 含有定语从句的复合句

W's English

①定语从句中可以省略作宾语的关系代词；非正式文体中，也可省略关系副词when或why.

I shall never forget the day (when) I entered TV University.

I like the film for the very reason (why) you dislike it.

②关系代词as后面的主谓结构也可省略

He gave the same answer as (he had given) before.

c) 含有宾语从句的复合句

①在两个并列的that从句如主动词及其宾语、表语、状语等都一样时可将第二个that从句的主动词及随带成份省略。

I guess Lisa will dance in the party but Jane won't (dance in the party).

W's English

②在两个并列的that从句如主语相同，而谓语不同，可把第二个that从句的连词和主语一起省略。

Tell Peter that I'll call to see him and (that I 'll ) have talk with him.

③在两个并列从句如连词不同而其它成份相同时，可省略第一分句和第二分句相同的部分，只把两个连词连接起来。

Her parents don't know when (she was born) and where she was born.

④在以某些形容词或过去分词，如：sure, glad, certain, pleased, happy, afraid, surprised, satisfied的词所引导的宾语从句中，连词that可省略。

We aren't sure which the best is.

I was very pleased my friend had passed the exam.

⑤在以which, when, where, how和why引导的宾语从句中，其谓语与主句谓语相同时省略全部谓语，有时甚至主语也可省略，只保留一个w h～的词。

He can't go to school, but I don't know why (he can't go to school).

W's English

d) 含有状语从句的复合句

状语从句中的省略原则是，如主语与主句主语一致，或主语是it，可省略从句的连接词、主语和be助动词，只保留分词和其它成分，从而使语言更加简洁明了。

①京戏时间状语从句中的省略

I favor English when (I was) a pupil.

②地点状语从句中的省略

The river is clean where (it is) deep.

③让步状语从句中的省略

Although (she was) the youngest of the group, she won all the prizes.

④方式状语从句中的省略

The baby closed his eyes as if ( he were ) to sleep.

⑤条件状语从句中的省略

She won't come unless (she is) invited.

W's English

⑥原因状语从句中的省略

(If we were) Given more attention, the plants could have grown better.

⑦比较状语从句中的省略

You can play the game just as wonderfully as I (do).

在以than和as引导的比较结构的状语从句中，省略某些与主句相同的成分或在特定上下文中有某些不言而喻的成分，可省掉整个as/than从句。

The pianos in the other shop will be cheaper (than those in this shop), but (they are) not as good (as those in this shop).

⑧状语从句中并列结构的省略

在复合句中，如两个并列的状语从句只是从属连词不同，其它相同时，则可省略一个状语从句，而把两个从属连词连接起来。

They will be arriving either before (the film begins) or after the film begins.

虚拟语气条件句中if的省略

与If引导的条件从句中含有were, had时，可将if省略，并用倒装结构。

Were I you, I wouldn't go with him.